A crane is a kind of machine that can be used to lift and lower materials and equipment or move them horizontally. The cranes are mainly used to lift heavy vehicles and transfer them to other locations. The crane consists of one or more parts, and the advantage of using it is to move loads beyond the natural ability of a human being. A crane is generally equipped with a slider, a rope or chains and hoses. Cranes are typically used in the transportation industry for load loading and unloading, in the construction industry for moving materials and in the manufacturing industry to assemble equipment and heavy packs.
The first crane built by the ancient Greeks was invented and the necessary force was provided by men or fertile animals such as donkeys. These cranes were used to build high-rise buildings. Subsequently, larger cranes were developed, and the conditions for shifting the weights of the Sunni were provided. In the middle of the high, Harbor cranes were introduced for loading and unloading ships and assisted in their construction; the first cranes were made of wood, but after the industrial revolution, they used cast iron, iron and steel.
Over the centuries, the power required to carry out heavy work was provided by the physical force of humans or animals, although they used water mills and windmills to provide power. The first “mechanical” force was provided by the steam engine, the first steam turbine was introduced in the 18th or 19th century. Today’s modern cranes usually use internal combustion engines or electric motors and hydraulic systems to lift and move more capacities.
Today’s cranes are available in a variety of shapes and applications, each designed for specific use and available in a variety of sizes. The smallest cranes used to move inside the workshops to the tallest cranes used to build high-rise buildings.
